promise
1.promise不论用作名词或动词，后面接不定式。例如：She has made a promise to return the violin in the evening.和She has promised to return the violin in the evening.第一句里的to return不可改作of returning，第二句里的to return不可改作returning。
2.promise跟consent不可混用，如下面两句意思不同：
He has promised to give a lecture.（他已经允诺作一次演讲［不一定预先被人请求］。）
He has consented to give a lecture.（他已经同意作一次演讲［一定预先被人请求］。）
promise着重在“约束自己”，不含“应允他人的请求”的意思。说自己的“遵命”和他人的“首肯”都不可用promise。请求对方做什么事不可说Will you promise to...?
3.promise跟permit或permission不可混用，如下面每组里的两句意思大不同：
He has promised me togo.(他已经向我允诺他去[不是我去]。)
He has permitted me to go.(他已经允许我去[不是他去]。)
He has given me apromise to go.(他去,不是我去)
He has given me permission to go.(我去,不是他去)
4.He has promised his daughter a fountain pen for her birthday和He has promised a fountain pen to her daughter for her birthday都可以说。
5.用promise该注意别犯双重被动的毛病，如不可说The lecture has been promised to be given at eight o'clock，可以把has been promised改作is。
6.注意下面第一句里用will，第二句里用would，第三句里用shall，第四句里用should，第五句里用shall，第六句里用should：
He has promised that he will help me.
He promised that he would help me.
He has promised that I shall have his help.
He promised that I should have his help.
He has promised that help shall be given me.
He promised that help should be given me.
第一句里用will，第二句里用would，因为在直接引语里是I will help you。第三句里用shall，第四句里用should，因为在直接引语里是You（或He，或She）shall have my help。第五句里用shall，第六句里用should，因为在直接引语里是Help shall be given you（或him，或her）。
promise用作名词也是这样。例如：
I hope he will keep his promise that he will help me.
He kept his promise that he would help me.
I hope he will keep his promise that I shall have his help.
He kept his promise that I should have his help.
I hope he will keep his promise that help shall be given me.
He kept his promise that help should be given me.
7.下面两句意思相同：
I'll warn him once more, I promise you.（我向你保证，我要再警告他一次。）
I'll warn him once more, I promise you that.